Research in Community and Public Health Nursing

Kyung Sook Kang

9 Articles

Analysis of Current Status of the Community Health Nursing Practice Education: Yoo Hyang Cho, Eun Young Do, Kyung Sook Kang, Young Me Kim, Youn Kyoung Kim, Farrah Rou, Chong Mi Lee, In Hee Choi, Hee Chung Choi; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2017;28(3):347-356. Published online September 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2017.28.3.347

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PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to provide basic evidence to improve community health nursing practice education by analyzing the current status of actual operation, program outcomes and evaluation methods, and the level of achieving learning goals.
METHODS
Data were collected through an e-mail survey from 155 professors teaching community health nursing in April 2016. Out of 45 responses in total, 42 cases were used for analysis (response rate 29.0%).
RESULTS
Community health nursing practice was a 3-credit course in most of the schools (66.7%) and included a practice at public health centers without exception. The most common diagnosis classification system was OMAHA (81.0%). The core fundamental nursing skills evaluated during the practice were subcutaneous injection, vital signs, oral administration, and intradermal injection. Among the subjects of community health nursing practice, the area with the highest potential for achieving learning goals was primary health care provision (4.4/5) and the area with the lowest potential was disaster management (2.4/5).
CONCLUSION
The results of this study show that there would be active efforts to complement and improve several problems of the community health nursing practice among the community health nursing practice instructors for more effective and qualitative community health nursing practice.

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The Current Status of Nursing Management Practicum during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Eun A Kim, Yoomi Jung, Miyoung Kim, Jeong Hee Kim, Myonghwa Park, Kyung Ryu
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2022; 28(4): 471. CrossRef
A Study on Global Nursing Practice Education Experience
Eun Sil Cho, Myoung Hee Seo, Soo Ok You, Ok Hee Ahn, Myeoung Hi Song
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2021; 32(4): 485. CrossRef
Geochemical occurrences of arsenic and fluoride in bedrock groundwater: a case study in Geumsan County, Korea
Joo Sung Ahn
Environmental Geochemistry and Health.2012; 34(S1): 43. CrossRef
Geochemical characteristics of fluoride in groundwater of Gimcheon, Korea: lithogenic and agricultural origins
Yeongkyoo Kim, Jong-Yong Kim, Kangjoo Kim
Environmental Earth Sciences.2011; 63(5): 1139. CrossRef

The Quality of Life in COPD Patients according to Gender: Based on the 4th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: Kyung Sook Kang, Soon Ok Na, Young Beob Yu, Jun Ho Shin; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2015;26(2):61-68. Published online June 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2015.26.2.61

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Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
In this study, we performed a comparative analysis on the quality of life (QoL) in male and female chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients based on the 4th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV) from 2007 to 2010.
METHODS
We extracted the socio-demographic and clinical data of 1,218 COPD patients including 874 men and 344 women from the KNHANES IV database. Descriptive statistics and correlation test were used to analyze the data. In order to find factors associated with QoL of COPD patients, we conducted multivariate linear regression analysis.
RESULTS
Infrequency analysis, the educational level and income were lower in the female COPD patients than in the male ones. The QoL indexes including mobility, self-care, activities of daily living, discomfort, anxiety, and depression were significantly worse in the female of COPD patients than in the male ones (p<.01).
CONCLUSION
Our study indicates that QoL of female COPD patients should be improved on the educational, economic, and healthcare aspects.

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Projecting Lifetime Health Outcomes and Costs Associated with the Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Exposure among Adult Women in Korea
Gyeyoung Choi, Yujeong Kim, Gyeongseon Shin, SeungJin Bae
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(5): 2494. CrossRef
Mapping analysis to estimate EQ-5D utility values using the COPD assessment test in Korea
Jaeok Lim, Sang-Eun Choi, Eunmi Bae, Daewon Kang, Eun-A Lim, Gyeong-Seon Shin
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes.2019;[Epub] CrossRef

Development of a Model of a Day Care Center for Rural Elderly People: Kyung Sook Kang; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2004;15(4):551-565. Published online December 31, 2004

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to develop a day care center model focused on public health institutions for the elderly residing in their homes.
METHOD
Research design for this study was a multi-level research, which consisted of a related literature review, an Internet search for knowledge of the current situation at home and abroad, on-site interviews, questionnaires collected from a sample of residents in a rural area, and a key-informants approach.
RESULTS
1) The subjects of service - Generalized service should be provided to the elderly, 65 years and older, regardless of their assets. 2) The contents of service - Providing pre-health oriented and post-social welfare service that can integrate and satisfy a wide variety of public health and welfare needs of the elderly would strengthen the health care service of a day care center for the elderly. 3) Delivery system - Basic-level local self-governments should become a central operating body, and establishing a properly adjusted delivery system to a rural area after considering the efficiency and the access of vulnerable rural areas is needed based on modification of 'a Special Law for Agricultural and Fishery Areas' (rural public health center>rural health sub-center --> unified health sub-center --> public health hospital (public health center) --> public welfare office). 4) Facility - Public health facilities such as public health centers and sub-centers should be located in areas that can easily access the facilities. 5) Funding - For day care center for the elderly in local self-government, the central government should modify a relevant implementation of subsidy in and provide some facilities and service regardless of the degree of self-reliance of local self-government. 6) Human resources - It is needed to guarantee the period of workers of a day care center for the elderly, at least 3 to 5 years, with considering their specialty on aged care and avoiding circulationbased positions. Furthermore, appropriate specially trained personnel such as medical workers and social workers should be placed to take care of both health service and welfare through strengthening of "rules of law of elderly welfare." CONCLUSION: future research is needed to test the model through a demonstration study using a model which may be developed in the future and to standardize the appraisal criteria of people hoping to enter a day care center for the elderly.

Social Support and Quality of Life for the Elderly in Rural Areas: Kyung Sook Kang; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2003;14(3):375-384. Published online September 30, 2003

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Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study is to identify the amount of social support and quality of life perceived by elderly people in rural areas and to examine the relationship between social support and quality of life in an effort to provide the basic data for effective nursing intervention to enhance quality of life among elderly people. Data were collected from a sample of 220 elderly people aged over 60 from a stratified probability method from one rural area in South Jeolla province from Aug. 15 to Sep. 15, 2002. For data collection, pre-educated researchers visited the participants' homes and surveyed them face-to-face. The statistical analysis was performed using the SAS program along with t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson Correlation. The findings were as follows: 1. The most socially supportive people they answered were spouses (57.28%), followed by children, friends/neighbors, in descending order. In terms of satisfaction about social support, the subjects felt the most satisfaction from spouses, followed by friends/neighbors, children, in descending order. 2. The participants' perceived social support was 26.0 and the highest score was 108.0 out of 125. Also, the average score and average grade point was 81.7 and 3.35, respectively. A comparison of the average grade points per items within sub-areas of social support revealed financial aid(3.56), informative support(3.34), emotional support (3.27), and evaluation support(3.22). 3. Their perceived social support had statistically significant differences in terms of how much they earned (F=18.56, p= .00001) and whether they had family members living together (F=2.68, p= .0512), quality of life had statistically significant differences in terms of how much they earned (F= 35.34, p= 0.00001). 4. The quality of life they perceived was the lowest score 47.0, the highest score 196.0, average score 145.7, and average grade points 3.28. A comparison of the average grade points per items within sub-areas of quality of life revealed neighbor relationships(3.97), self-esteem(3.49), family relationships(3.35), economic conditions 3.12), physical health (2.98), and psychological health(2.74). 5. The relationship between the amount of the subjects' social support and quality of life was significantly correlated (r= .696, p< .001). The findings revealed that social support for elderly people in rural areas was a greatly effective factor on their quality of life. Also, it was shown that the larger the social support for the elderly, the greater the quality of life for them. Therefore, it is necessary to foster geriatric nurse specialists and develop nursing intervention programs connected with health care and social wellbeing in order to enhance the quality of life of elderly people in rural areas. Also, it is necessary to develop effective models for community and its applications, which will play a leading role for elderly people.

Social Support and Quality of Life for the Elderly in Rural Area: Kyung Sook Kang; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2003;14(2):362-371. Published online June 30, 2003

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Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study is to identify the amount of social support and quality of life perceived by the elderly people in the rural area, to examine the relationship between social support and quality of life in an effort to lay the basic data for the effective nursing intervention to enhance quality of life among the elderly people. Data were collected for a sample of 220 elderly people aged over 60 from a stratified probability method from one county area in South Cholla province from Aug.15 to Sept.15 2002. For data collection, pre-educated researchers visited the participants' homes and surveyed them face-to-face. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS program with t-test, ANOVA and Pearson Correlation. The findings were as follows: 1. The most socially supportive people they answered were spouses(57.28%), followed by children, friends/neighbours in descending order. In terms of satisfaction about social support, the subjects felt the most satisfaction from spouses, followed by friends/neighbours, children in descending order. 2. The participants' perceived social support was 26.0 and the highest score was 108.0 out of 125. Also, the average score and average grade point was 81.7 and 3.35 respectively. A comparison of the average grade points per items within sub-areas of social support revealed financial aid(3.56), informative support(3.34), emotional support(3.27), and evaluation support(3.22). 3. Their perceived social support were statistically significant differences in terms of how much they earn (F=18.56, p= .00001) and whether they have family members living together(F=2.68, p= .0512), quality of life were statistically significant differences in terms of how much they earn (F= 35.34, p= 0.00001). 4. Their perceived quality of life was the lowest score 47.0, the highest score 196.0, average score 145.7, and average grade points 3.28. A comparison of the average grade points per items within sub-areas of quality of life revealed neighbour relationship(3.97), self-esteem(3.49), family relationship(3.35), economic condition (3.12), physical health state(2.98), and psychological health state (2.74). 5. The relationship between the amount of the subjects' social support and quality of life was significantly correlated(r= .696, p< .001). The findings revealed that social support for the elderly people in the rural area was a great effective factor on their quality of life. And, it was showed that the larger the social support for the elderly, the greater the quality of life for them. Therefore, it is needed that fostering geriatric nurse specialists and developing nursing intervention program connected with health care and social wellbeing to enhance the quality of life of the elderly people in the rural areas. Also, it will be much needed that the development of effective model for community and its application with playing a leading role by nurses.

Concept Analysis of Support: Kyung Sook Kang, Mi Young Jeong, Mee Young Kim, Su Hyun Jang; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2002;13(3):566-573. Published online September 30, 2002

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Abstract PDF: A concept is a building block of a theory. The purpose of a concept analysis is to clarify the critical attributes of a concept and identify its real meaning, particularly if the concept is not understood in a clear and accurate manner. This study was conducted to analyze the concept of support, which has been adopted from another discipline and unclearly used in nursing science. For concept analysis of this study, Walker and Avant's method was used. Support is defined as a domain with emotional, informational, material and evaluative aspects. Critical attributes of the concept of support included (1) an experience of support between a support provider and a client, (2) communication, (3) a relationship of mutual interchange of emotional, informational, material, evaluative support, and (4) intention. Cases related to the concept of support included model cases and appendix cases (against, boundary, and related). Antecedents of support were anxiety, depression, and loss of self-esteem, and consequences of support were comfort, increase of self-esteem, and trust. Based on these results, a nursing intervention that can provide a better quality of life for the prevention of diseases, health management, and health promotion may be developed in the future.

Validity Field Testing of Family Nursing Phenomen in Korea by the Retrospective Method of ICNP: Soon Nyung Yun, Hyun Sook Kim, Yong Suk Kwon, Kyung Min Park, Ji Hyun Lee, Young Ae Ko, Ae Young So, Soon Ok Yang, Young Im Kim, Hee Girl Kim, Jin Joo Oh, Myoung Ja Wang, Soon Lae Kim, Kyung Sook Kang, Ji Yun Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2002;13(3):423-432. Published online September 30, 2002

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Abstract PDF: This study was conducted to test the validity of characteristics of family nursing phenomena in Korea identified in a previous study by Yoon, S. Y, et al.(1999). Data for this study were collected from 355 (first measurement 186, second measurement 169) nurses whose family nursing careers were more than one year using a cross sectional survey method. The distribution per one characteristic ranged between 0 to 5. The phenomena that had two or more characteristics and had a score of 3.0 points or more included 'disturbance in marital role', 'disturbance in family communication', 'inappropriate family coping', 'lack of family intimacy', 'unhealthy life style', 'deficit of financial management skill and support', 'inadequate care management sick member', and 'inadequate home-making'. The essential characteristics of the 8 phenomena presented above included 27 items. Further studies on family nursing phenomena in Korea are needed to support the evidence through surveys of families in the field. A reconfirmation study, as well as qualitative research on the low validity of the characteristics, needs to be more performed in the future.

Family Support : a Review of Nursing Literature on its Trends and Implementations: Shin Ae Park, Kyung Sook Kang, Mi Young Jeong, Nam Hyun Cha, Soon Young Kim; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2001;12(3):639-646. Published online December 31, 2001

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Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study is to analyze the trend of nursing research related to family support and to provide an effective direction for future research by conducting a review of the Korean nursing literature from 1980 to 2000. A total of 73 studies were analyzed with the following results. 1) The number of studies related to family support has been rapidly increasing since 1984, and 77% of those were conducted in the 1990s. 48 studies, 65% of those analyzed, were degree-based research including 4 doctoral theses (4%) and 45 master's theses (62%). 2) Based on the objective frame of study types developed by Lee et al. (1991), the types of studies were analyzed: 56 studies, 76.6% of those reviewed, belonged to factor-relating; 9 studies (12.4%) belonged to factor-isolating; 7 studies (9.6%) belonged to situation-producing; and only 1 study (1.4%) belonged to situationrelating research, respectively. 3) In terms of research design, most studies of analyzed (90.4%) were conducted by non-experimental design, and 7 studies (9.6%) were conducted by experimental design. But, qualitative research related to family support was not found. 4) In terms of research subjects, target populations of experimental studies were patients with arthritis, mental disorder, tuberculosis, coronary artery disease and hypertension. In correlational studies, 51 studies, 69.9% of those analyzed, were conducted to patients with renal failure, cancer and hemiplegia, and 5 studies (6.8%) were conducted to aged people and adolescents. 5) Study concepts used in correlational studies were quality of life, anxiety and depression, self-esteem, hope, role behavior, compliance and self-care activities. The quality of life was most often used among studies with 12.5% of those analyzed. 6) Nursing interventions, including diet therapy, family involving education and supportive care, used in experimental studies mostly showed positive effects on client involvement and home health improvement. However, the nursing interventions of mental health rehabilitation and resistance exercise showed neutral and negative results. The findings of this study provide evidence that more empirical research including experimental or qualitative studies should be conducted actively to improve nursing practice related to family support. Also, to promote more diverse nursing interventions, a family assessment tool especially for Korean families needs to be developed.

A Study on the degree of satisfaction at Day Care Center's Service among elderly clients: Soon Young Kim, Kyung Sook Kang; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 1999;10(2):422-434. Published online December 31, 1999

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Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to describe the degree of satisfaction at day care center's services and the degree of relationship between each service and overall satisfaction. The data collection was performed from July 1, 1999 to July 15, 1999. And total 199 elderly clients were interviewed in Koksung-kun. The results of the study is as follows: 1. The percentage of satisfactory response at transport service was 95.2%, food supply 94.3%, bath 93.2%, hair cutting 90.8%, physical therapy 90.2%, medical treatment 89.3%. And oriental medical treatment 82.0%. 2. For question of the degree of satifaction at day care service, the distribution of answer was 75.1% in exellent. 15.5% in good, 3.6% in moderate, 3.6% in poor, 2.1% in most poor. 3. The subjective satisfaction was not significantly different by sex, age, the presence or absence of religious, educational level, the presence or absence of family and economic level. 4. A significant association between the program satisfaction and the subjective satisfaction was observed: odds ratios were 26.9 in food supply, 26.4 in luncheon supply, 17.4 in bath, and 14.5 in hair cutting. The following is suggestion based on results of this study: A service program should be developed to fit conditions of rural elderies by specifically analyzing needs of the elderly.

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